The "You Don't Know What You Don't Know" Bug

There’s a class of bugs that took me a long time to recognize because they don’t look like bugs at all. Nothing crashes. Nothing fails tests. Nothing even looks wrong. And yet, a critical assumption about the system is no longer true. These are the bugs that happen when a guardrail is silently removed—intentionally or accidentally—and the system keeps working as if nothing changed. I’ve started thinking of these as “you don’t know what you don’t know” bugs. ...

January, 2026 · 956 words